Friday, December 5, 2014

DOHA, 2014, FINA - Breastroke new rulls ...



FINA






La votul, FINA a aprobat o nouă interpretare a permite executarea loviturii delfin unice la retragerea a veni în orice moment înainte de prima lovitura bras. Anterior, normele necesare unele separare a mâinilor înainte de prima lovitura delfin. Modificarea va intra în vigoare imediat.

==============



Comentarii pertinente





·  swimmer


Never thought this was a huge issue….the huge issue is the multiple dolphin kicks off of the walls, especially the starts. Also the dolphin kick at the end of the breaststroke kick, especially in the middle of the pool.

newswim


I believe Nort Thornton has been recommending that swimmers use a fly kick and then immediately begin the stroke cycle without a pullout. His rationale is that the recovery phase during the pullout negates any of the speed pick up from pull down. Don’t know if the CAL breaststrokers every used his technique in races.

When does this new rule become effective for FINA and USA swimming?

newswim


I assume that if the other rule wording remains unchanged the phases (without a pullout) would be streamline, fly kick, breaststroke kick (hands still in streamline) pull (head breaks surface at widest part of pull) and so on……to meet the requirement that any fly kick must be followed by a breaststroke kick

vgrol98




Not sure whether or not that’s what they mean. I think the part “at any point prior to the breaststroke kick.” just means that you’re not allowed to use dolphin kicks during the above-water part.

But of it really means that we would be allowed to have streamline, dolphin kick and then immediatly the breaststroke kick, it would be a huge improvement.

vgrol98


SWIMREF said about the same (if you scroll down a bit)



I don’t think this interpretation is correct. You can dive then streamline then fly kick, but the stroke must start with a pull then a breaststroke kick, not a breaststroke kick then a pull. This is under rule SW7.2 – “From the start and throughout the race the stroke cycle shall be one arm stroke and one leg kick in that order”.
I think my judges will still struggle in deciding, if the swimmer performs their fly kick before their pull-out, whether the swimmer performs a second fly kick during the pull-out (aka A-pull or butterfly stroke). I understand that the fly kick was introduced because senior swimmers inevitably perform an undulation during the full-out and this can look like a fly kick – hence this kick was allowed.

newswim


My reading is that the new rule allows two things not previously permitted. One, is the fly kick in streamline (no need to initiate the pull with separation of hands) and the second is fly kick any time off the start and turns as long as it precedes the breaststroke kick. Some might now experiment with inserting the fly kick after the pull down and glide. Previously this was thought slower because you couldn’t fully exploit the power of the pull down glide.

Here is the USA rule book amended wording

“101.2.3 Kick – After the start and each turn, at any time prior to the first breaststroke kick a single butterflykick is permitted. Following which, all movements of the legs shall be simultaneous and in the same horizontalplane without alternating movement.
The feet must be turned outwards during the propulsive part of the kick. Scissors, alternating movements ordownward butterfly kicks are not permitted except as provided herein. Breaking the surface of the water with the
feet is allowed unless followed by a downward butterfly kick.”

asdf


Tell that to Kevin Cordes. He goes close to 15 meters off every wall. Hard to imagine he could do that with just one fly kick

coacherik


Swimmer, you need to consider the stroke and turn official who has to make a call across 4 lanes at an age group meet and those who have to teach it. This simplification makes it easy on everyone involved. Some athletes will benefit tremendously from this while still limiting the kick count to one.

wave rider


I still don’t understand why Fina won’t use instant replay at major competitions like every other sport.

DrSwim_Phil


This! They could just easily use the underwater video camera system and it would fix this problem of “officials can’t see it”, but they won’t because it would pick off a majority of the big names.

wave rider


It could also be used for 15m breakout rule. The officials don’t catch everything above water either. A few years ago at ncaa championships in the 200 medely, I can’t remember the exact year or team, I think it may have been Auburn but the butterflyer was clearly past 15m. No question about it and it wasn’t called. I’m not calling for replay in ncaa but this goes to show that officials miss some things and this same situation WILL happen in world competition at some point. Why not put in replay to prevent this?

Gina Rhinestone


Question .Is it 15 m or 15 yard rules in a 25 years pool?

15 mtrs = 16.40 yards so there is almost a 1 1/2 yard advantage for good turners …..

and there is is only 8.6 yards left to swim!



Braden Keith


Gina – it’s 15 meters even in a yards pool. Counterintuitive, but is the way it is.



That sounds nice, but no other sport uses that instant replay to call penalties or fouls. Do they? The cameras catch lots of things that the human eyes don’t.

aswimfan


Tennis use Hawkeye.

As for me, I don’t propose instant replay. I propose video replay to be used only in case of objection or protest.

wave rider


The NBA reviews clear path fouls and flagrant fouls.

A clear path fouls is when an offense player is breaking up the court with no defender in reasonable position to make play on the ball and a defender grabs him from behind to prevent the easy lay up/dunk. The offense is automatically awarded 2 points even if he is 50 feet from the basket.

The difference between a flagrant and regular foul is that the offence gets possession after the free throws.

Both of these situations are fouls/penalties but the reason for the replay is because of scoring or possession of the ball.

While double dolphin kicks in breast and kicking past 15m are only part of the race, think about this, when someone takes multiply dolphin kicks in breast or kicks to 16 meters in bk/fl/fr and wins by a very narrow margin like .05 aren’t those multiple dolphin kicks or kicking past 15 in essence “scoring plays”?

Cale


In athletics several cameras are placed at both curves to check if someone has steped on or crossed lane line

Didier


Judo does on their main events: camera’s provide two judges sitting on the side of the tatami with a delayed view on the fight to assist the judge leading the fight, and the system also offers replay-functionality.




#‎Doha2014 ¡¡ Récord del mundo en 400 estilos de Mireia Belmonte con 4:19.86 !!, anterior de Hosszu en 4:20.85. (Pulsar en "HD" para más calidad)
World Record Championships women's 400 individual medley
Results: http://www.omegatiming.com/File/Download…



Swimmer A


While that is a great idea to monitor the pullout, where do you draw the line on what is a “major competition” and what isn’t? What pools, teams, or meets would have access to underwater cameras and instant replay? If one were to achieve a record of some kind at a meet where this wasn’t used, a heated debate would spring up as to whether it should be counted as legal.

FlySwim


This is great for clarity, consistency and fairness for all swimmers.

beaststroke


funny how cody is the picture for this article

Breaststroker


I was thinking the same thing. Dude cheats off of every wall.

umadbro


you a lil salty bro

Breaststroker


No. I’ve just seen him swim a lot.

Swimref


Breaststroke still must follow stroke cycle which is a pull then a kick. If swimmer does fly kick at anytime prior to first breaststroke kick they still have to start the breaststroke cycle with a pull first. Whether they elect to take the first pull fully past hips or not is their choice or as suggested they move immediately to stroke recovery from breast. In either case stroke must still start with a pull before they initiate their first breaststroke kick. The rule change on fly kick at anytime prior to first breastroke kick is a welcome change as judging the kick placement after the initiating breasteoke pull was always difficult at best.

james


they can change the stroke.but it better make us faster

Mac


I’m curious if the new rule will be used at USA Nationals next week?



  • Braden Keith


Mac – we’ve asked, but haven’t heard back yet. It’s sort of tricky, because it’s going to be approved by USA Swimming at some point (they won’t have a different rule), but there’s some administrative process that has to happen before that can be.

    • floppy


Seems like the easiest thing to do is quietly tell officials not to notice any violations that will soon become legal.



Braden/All
I am in Doha and just spoke with Carol Zaleski – FINA TSC Chair who explained the rule here – she said that has been in contact with Jay Thomas – USA Rules Chair – and that the rule is to go into effect immediately and expects us to follow it in Greensboro next week.

      • Braden Keith


Thanks Sid. That’s the same word we got from the USA Swimming spokespeople.

  • Mackenzie


Having now found someone else who uses the display name Mac, I am both shocked and excited that you spell it without the K. This sadly means I will now be going by Mackenzie to avoid confusion.

Backinthebox


You know, another way to make the rule easier for officials to manage breaststroke pullouts is to ban the dolphin kick altogether. Think about it, any undulation would result in a DQ. Seems pretty easy to manage to me – any upward or downward hip movement would be an instant DQ at any level.

So in how many years will it be unlimited dolphin kicking to 15 metres in breaststroke on each length???

  • Matt


The dolphin kick was originally made legal because it was so hard to make a call on, so banning the dolphin kick would just be going back to pre-2004; there really is no good change to be made aside from underwater monitoring, which FINA has already turned down. FINA also turned down unlimited dolphin kicks to 15m off the start at the same voting.



How about being consistent across all four strokes and allow breaststrokers to swim underwater to 15 m? The pullout rule is in place to prevent the shallow water blackout that would occur before the rule was in place and swimmers would do most of the race underwater. Not sure how I fell about video replay. I would hate to take the human portion out of officiating but it would make everyone follow the rules if videos of all races were examined before results become official.

Buster


The dolphin kick was introduced because of the difficulty for the officials to see what was happening underwater with some high profile embarrassing situations (Kitajima, Athens). Allowing a flick of the hips and legs took the pressure off the officials and made it fair. Then the early kick was introduced making things difficult again. So now they remove the restriction on timing of the kick. But we may now have the situation where swimmers illegally put an early kick in along with a late one (which will be difficult for the officials to see!). So we are basically back to the old rules plus a single early dolphin kick. Except some in a race will put in an early kick and some a late one. Good luck judges! Get back to the spirit of the original rule change and say the kick can only occur in the last half of the pull.

  • swimbob


I couldn’t agree more. It doesn’t really help anything. In fact, now the swimmer will be even farther away from the official, making it more difficult to see.

  • Jon Isaacson


That makes too much sense.

Bossanova


The envelope is getting pushed further and further. Think of what these rules wrt dolphin kicks originally set out to do and ask are they accomplishing that? Now most elite swimmers will STILL do two dolphin kicks- one before the pull out and one “undulation” during the pull out.

Jared Anderson


As a breaststroker myself, I’m completely in favor of this change. It’s more practically enforceable for officials, who were forced to make difficult, subjective decisions on almost every turn under the old system.

I’m hoping we’ll see the underwater cameras and instant video replay become more and more involved, though. Watching pullouts from underwater gives a significantly more accurate view than trying to judge solely from the surface.

Sven


As others have stated, my concern is the ease with which one can do a kick both before and during the pulldown. When the early kick (hands separate, pause, kick, pull) came on the scene, the hardest habit to break was not throwing in a second kick where I was used to doing it previously. I think it would be easy for a swimmer racing in the middle of the pool to sneak in a small second kick for a little extra boost. Not to cast doubt on any official, it’s just hard to be certain of what you saw when it’s in the middle of the pool and underwater.

If I’m not mistaken, the initial justification for allowing the dolphin kick was that undulation during the pulldown is a natural motion so why suppress it? So looking at it in that light, we see that the rules were clarified to state that because a kick at a certain point in the pull (between the shoulders and hips-ish) is natural, that a kick at any point in the pull (just after separation) is natural. Now we’ve abandoned any thought of the pull or of “natural” motions altogether and have effectively said “You know what? Just do it whenever but PLEASE just do it once.”

I’m not against the dolphin kick, per se, but I think it’s been pushed a little bit too much, and that FINA, when pushed, has typically stepped back and made concessions instead of being firm (with the exception of the multiple kick proposal… that was too soon, give it a couple more years.) This issue is only going to get better under one of two conditions: either underwater replay is instituted when available (which doesn’t necessarily stop a swimmer from just getting qualifying times/records at small meets where he or she can cheat because filming isn’t available) or unlimited dolphin kicks are allowed to 15m.

Personally, I’d rather see the dolphin kick banned altogether before seeing unlimited kicks allowed, so I’m more for the underwater replay. What that would mean, though, is that every meet using underwater footage would run even more slowly during the breaststroke heats, as there are multiple turns and any inquiry would mean searching through footage for the specific turn in question.

Long story short, the solution is to just remove breaststroke as a competitive stroke altogether because people cheat and I was a butterflyer anyway so who cares.

Swimfast


I only started competing in the 100 and 200 breaststroke again this year and got DQ-ed like 4 times for this. When I was younger (when I swam breaststroke) nobody cared about this.



CG




What don’t they just eliminate breaststroke and be done with it.

Dylan


i got dq’d for that I DIDNT EVEN KNOW WHAT THEY WERE TALKING ABOUT

MickeyDees


So is this in place in the NCAA? If not, when is it effective?

BJ Donahue


A former swimmer, active coach and official, I can not enforce this (now former) rule. It is impossible to watch feet and hands simultaneously, especially with the angle, light, waves, and parallax causing distortion. Unenforceable rules are an oxymoron. Next rule to eliminate us shoulders parallel to bottom before breaststroke pullouts. Dumb rule with no advantage to swimmer.

Jim


Got DQ’d more times than i can count for this rule… Not any more

ALazof


Ive been DQed for failure to separate the hands before the kick twice in the past year. When looking back at tapes, it’s nearly impossible to tell the difference between if the swimmer’s hands are still in a streamline or if they are separated by a mere inch. Great rule change.

caliswimgrl


I see dozens of violations of heads breaking the surface way after the 15 meter mark in backstroke and fly when watching videos as well as in person. Maybe someday laser beams at the 15 m mark or something like that could be the objective judge of precise limits of distance underwater. As soon as the beam is broken – at whatever angle it shoots from, either overhead or from behind – the judgement is made by a computer, just like false starts. Just throw out the underwater pull and kick altogether and do a bunch of fly kicks like all the other strokes. After all, underwater fly kick it is being touted as “the fifth stroke, right?” The old fashioned “one pull, one kick” is outmoded now. Think outside the box. If you’re going to change and advance breaststroke, change it a lot.

  • MarkB


The hands would break the laser beam first.

floppy


When zero dolphin kicks were allowed, swimmers tried to sneak one into their pullout.
Now one dolphin kick is allowed, and swimmers try to sneak a second into their pullout.
Next two dolphin kicks will be allowed; swimmers will try to sneak three with their pullout.

That seems to be the very predictable path we’re on.

LA


Hate to see people complaining about being dq’ed because of this. Breaststroke IS the hardest stroke to master, and if you got dq’ed before maybe is time to re-evaluate your swim coach or your honesty.

This rule seems like it will make the referees’ job easier. Since the only infraction they will be looking for in the pullout is the number of dolphin kick the swimmer will make.

Wonder which one might be faster: streamline fly kick then pullout (standard), or pullout then streamline fly kick(according to the interpretation of the new law)?

  • Sven


My guess is that the faster version would be a dolphin kick while in streamline, then the pullout. You’d get more out of the kick (same amount of power, way less drag) and this would help maintain the extra speed achieved off the wall/block for a longer distance before needing to pull the arms down. I don’t see much value in doing a dolphin kick while your arms are at your sides. Not having to separate the hands before doing the dolphin kick is going to reduce drag and also give the swimmer more options as far as timing: i.e. glide until speed goes down, kick, break hands apart, then pull vs. kick while going moderately fast, glide a bit until you slow down, break hands apart, then pull.

I imagine this extra freedom will make the “perfect” pullout much more variable and subjective based on different strengths and weaknesses.

CG




What don’t they just eliminate breaststroke and be done with it.

  • bobthebuilderrocks


No. That idea is bad and should never be thought of/about ever again.

  • Erik Sterne


I agree, breaststroke is a survival/rescue stroke. It was refined/altered into a competitive swim stroke with an above the surface recovery of the arms many decades ago. It is now known as the butterfly stroke. Beautiful, powerful and graceful, not choppy and awkward and physically damaging

    • Gina Rhinestone


it is always a pleasant surprise to see a technically proficient breastroke that just looks natural .i like to watch frogs also. There is something mesmerising about both . I have a backyard frog pond) .

Unlike fly . It is something that you can use all through life . However the question is , does it reward naturally flexioned feet/ turnout hips structure or allow imposters a let in. Besides that small thing called survival , the only benefit to being a good breastroker is to pass people by in the medley leg. Are we bullying natural breastrokers away from sport .God knows they can’t do anything else .

However I do wonder what a super trained performance enhanced frog would swim like. I got some natural talent in that pond & could just spike them up a bit & teach them to put in a dolphin kick off the rock …
.

CD


What is so good about this?

  • coacherik



easyspeed


Sigh. I see once again it’s up to me to provide clarity to a vexing dilemma. And the solution is *drum-roll*…

Get out the cameras and ban the dolphin kick all together!

What has butterfly invaded all the other strokes? I remember the good old days when breaststroke was breaststroke and backstroke was backstroke.

Ok, freestyle I can understand because technically freestyle can be swum with any stroke.

But do we really need a dolphin kick in breaststroke? I mean, in SCY you have some swimmers taking like two actual strokes of breast per length. It’s become more of “200 Pullouts” than actual breaststroke.

jenni


Dunno why they don’t just invent a new stroke altogether. Fc/Bc/Fly/Brs and ‘Flubry’ ;)I learned backstroke with double arm pull, front crawl with straight arm, side stroke and breast stroke with a very long underwater pull. Of course that was in the days when people still wore hobnail boots and walked everywhere. So, seems like I have invented a new stroke..flubry here we come.

Swimmer


I’m going to be an Olympian one day!

seabas22


Just allow dolphin kick all the way! Frog kick is bad on the knees.

Shabbir Kapasi


Hello, can anyone help me with a video explanation on the new Breast Stroke pull out rule.

CB


Cut the fly kick out already, never should have been allowed to begin with. Darn you Kitajima!

richard


I like the idea of cameras but I think if you are caught cheating there should be consequences, more than just DQ’d – to do multiple kicks off the start on entry or doing a fly kick at the beginning and end of the pull down requires training /practice – if you are practicing to cheat there should be harsher consequences when caught – it’s the same as doping – the athlete is intentionally doing it, ban them and their coaches for a period! Harsh but it will clean up the sport.

  • Sven


I like it. I’d say increasing fines would do for a first and second offense, with suspensions following after 3.
 
 =============== 
[extraase din lucrarea Despre inot, M.Olaru, 2007, ed. SSE, Buc.]


Fiin cel mai lent procedeu de inot Brasul a avut parte de cele mai multe schimbari de regulament urmare a tot atat de multe incercari de a ‘perfectiona’ miscarile in scopul cresterii vitezei; prin anii 1926-27, germanul

Reprezintă o modalitate veche a oamenilor de a înainta în apă; ca toate mişcările de înot dealtfel, Brasul sugerează mişcări de căţărat, de depăşire a unui obstacol (alură comună începătorilor puţin înstruiţi).                   

se remarcă, tehnica de înot Bras, ne referim a cea care este astăzi acceptată ca "tehnică corectă", este cea mai de timpuriu practicată. Exista un papirus  pe care a fost reprodusă această veritabilă chinogramă are o vechime de cca 5000 de ani şi indică interesul egiptenilor pentru practicarea înotului. 

[In lucrarea enciclopedică ‘ Sprechen im sport untericht eine analyse sprachlicher inszenierungen von sportlehren’, autor Detlef Kuhlman, editată în Germania, 1973, la pag. 280 este redată o pictură rupestra datată cu cca 3000 ani î.Ch.,care este situată în perimetrul Gilf Kebir de pe teritoriul actual al Libiei.        

            Personal cred că pictura, chiar naivă de-ar fi, nu reprezintă decât o veritabilă kinograma a unui procedeu de înot situat între ‘câineasca’ şi ‘bras’.

            Important este faptul că ea este poate cea mai veche reprezentare despre înot…, că în acele vremuri a existat un interes mare pentru învăţarea înotului, că locurile de atunci, permiteau practicarea înotului cu toate că azi acolo este un veritabil deşert. [Un cercetător britanic a făcut o afirmaţie surprinzătoare – acum cca 6.000 de ani clima s-ar fi schimbat radical şi astfel locuri care odată erau pline de vegetaţie şi apă au devenit rapid pustiuri de nisip (2006)]

Idiograma care în scrierea hieroglifică reda noţiunea ‘înot’ invită la constatarea că ‘tehnica crawl’ era si ea bine cunoscută de egipteni…(Carl Diem, "Cultura fizică la egipteni", 1932)..La fel, de data asta pe un papyrus egiptean a fost redată coordonarea mişcărilor în procedeul bras. In papirusul evocat mişcarea este decompusă în 3 ‘timpi’ Metodica modernă, din zilele noastre, ‘elimină’ timpul (2), elevul fiind învăţat să vâslească eliptic- nu circular (!), practic, parcă ar împinge apa cu călcâile până la întinderea completă a picioarelor.[ Este posibil că autorul kinogramei bras, cunoscând importanţa momentului de pauză care trebuie marcat imediat după terminarea pregătirii (1), să fi adăugat încă odată acest moment; lipsa acestei pause, infime chiar, ar face că întreaga mişcare să semene cu o ‘învârtire a ciorbei’, de fapt o amestecare a apei şi nu o apăsare pe direcţia de înaintare, greşeală specifică începătorilor care nu au încă dezvoltat ‘simţul apei’.]

Bibliografie selectivă



1925 - Auge Claude – Nouveau petit Larousse ilustre, lib. Larousse, Paris,.

1968 W. Kunding – Turquie, Ed.Silva, Zurich, Ch.

1969 - Liuţkanova I– Trenirovka na Pluveţa, Mediţin i Fizkultura, , Sofia,

1978 - Oppenheim Francois – Histoire de la Natation, Chiron-Sports.

1979 - Pahncke Wolfgang – Schwimmen in Vergangenheit, Sportverlag, Berlin,

1983 - Matei H.C. – Civilizaţia Lumii Antice, Ed. Eminescu,

1987 Padoverse, Dalbesio, Granella, Aliani – Turchia, I luoghi delle origini Cristiane, Ed. Piemme, Parma, It.

2007 - Despre inot, M.Olaru, ed, SSE, ISBN _10 973-04544-5





                Brasul mai este evocat şi de istoricul grec Tucidide (460-395 î.e.n.) care descrie cum înotau soldaţii greci pe sub apă (‘ca nişte broaşte’) pentru a ataca portul asediat al Siracuzei.  Totuşi, diferitele imagini care evocă practicarea înotului (ornamente pe amfore, monede, etc.) nu ating gradul de perfecţiune (în reprezentare a tehnicii) pe care îl remarcăm în cazul egiptenilor, probabil că în cultura lor înotul se bucura de mare preţuire.

                Un moment important pentru reprezentarea acestui procedeu este evocarea lui în prima lucrare de înot (1538) în care autorul Nicolas Winnman, îl apreciază ca cel mai "frumos şi odihnitor"  stil în comparaţie cu înotul pe o parte(!!!) , la fel de indicat pentru a înota şi pe spate...

                 Odată cu trecerea anilor Brasul se răspîndeşte, mai ales în Anglia şi Germania unde, în prima jumătate a secolului XIX, se organizau competiţii profesioniste importante (cursa de 1 milă pe Tamisa, întreceri ale 'tăietorilor de sare' din Halle, etc.) la care se înota Bras.

                În 1817 generalul prusac Ernest von Pfuell a pus la punct o tehnologie de învăţare a mişcărilor de Bras pe uscat, în cazărmile soldaţilor sub conducerea unui personal mai puţin calificat în învăţarea înotului. 

                Cu toată popularitatea atinsă, la primele două ediţii ale J.O. probele de Bras nu au figurat în programul tehnic de concurs, de abia în 1904 apare pe distanţa de 440 yarzi, iar din 1908 proba de 200 m, proba de 100 m fiind adoptată destul de tîrziu (1968).

                Brasul anilor 1900, brasul clasic cum i se mai spune, avea o tehnică simplă, parcă lipsită de subtilităţile cu care sîntem obişnuiţi astăzi - capul mult ridicat la suprafaţa apei, la fel umerii şi în general corpul menţinut mult spre verticală, vâslirile aveau un contur larg, evident puţin eficace dar foarte sigure pentru începători, mişcările exacte şi precise făceau ca înotătorul să execute de cele mai multe ori, mişcările, în mod mecanic. 

                Începînd din anul 1930, favorizaţi de o serie de imprecizii ale regulamentului, unii brasişti încep să readucă braţele înainte – lateral, prin aer, fapt care a condus la apariţia procedeului fluture.(Erick Rademaker)

                De fapt, această inovare a izvorât din interesul permanent al brasiştilor de a creşte viteza de înaintare la "cel mai lent procedeu de înot", dar FINA, în 1935 a interzis această soluţie, apărând / salvând Brasul de la o deformare care l-ar fi compromis categoric.  Aceste tendinţe au continuat, astfel că în perioada 1950-1957 au început să apară brasişti care concurau înotând porţiuni nefiresc de lungi sub apă (vâslirea în acest caz este mai lungă şi deci produce creşterea vitezei) dar "preţul" plătit de înotător era prea mare - înotând în condiţii hipoxice organismul era suprasolicitat  (in special de catre sovietici )

Sesizând acest lucru FINA a interzis brasiştilor înotul sub apă ( din 1957 a fost permis doar executarea unui singur ciclu de vâslire sub apă, fără a respira, după start sau înotarcere, obligând astfel înotătorul să menţină capul, sau o parte a acestuia la fiecare vâslire pe suprafaţa apei).

           Încorsetaţi de cele mai multe prevederi, în comparaţie cu alte procedee, brasiştii continuă să inoveze tehnica: pentru a câştiga viteză corpul trebuia să adopte o poziţie cât mai apropiată de suprafaţa apei iar pentru a reuşi acest lucru, inovatorii brasului au reorganizat coordonarea braţelor cu respiraţia; astfel , atunci când, în mod firesc braţele termină vâslirea şi ca o consecinţă a acestei vâsliri corpul se ridică, a fost plasat şi momentul inspiraţiei. 

                Noua coordonare, a fost denumită "Bras cu inspiraţie întârziată" şi a fost demonstrată din 1963 de japonezi (Osaki Yoshikiko) şi americani (Chester Jastremski) cu care tehnică au ridicat radical tempoul de înot, au beneficiat de vâsliri mai adânci iar ca o consecinţă au modificat vâslirea circulară a picioarelor cu o mişcare eliptică, scurtă explozivă şi eficace. 

                Brasul "întîrziat" a condus la realizarea unor performanţe superioare dar permanent expuse la descalificare prin tendinţa de a adopta o poziţie scufundată a capului imediat după efectuarea inspiraţiei. 

                Înotând astfel, mulţi brasişti au început să alcătuiască suita mişcărilor aidoma cu cele realizate la ondulaţiile delfin, dar cerinţa de a avea permanent capul peste nivelul apei împiedica realizarea acestei mişcări naturale

                Timp de cca 25 de ani brasiştii s-au luptat cu Comitetul tehnic al FINA pentru a obţine permisiunea de a scufunda capul în apă - din 1987 acest lucru a fost aprobat prin prevederea –‘la fiecare ciclu de braţe înotătorul trebuie să execute o respiraţie’ - deci, indiferent cât de adânc intră/ondulează capul în apă, dacă el revine sus la fiecare respiraţie înotătorul nu este sancţionat.

 ( ondulaţia delfin este totuşi permisă ca o mişcare unică, singulară doar după start sau întoarceri, conform cu ultimele precizări ale FINA). [selectat din lucrarea  ”Despre Inot”, by Mircea Olaru, ed. SSE, 2007]
 dec. 2104, Doha

No comments:

Post a Comment