Introduction in the ’B.E.S.T. Concept'
’Festina lente’ made in Swimming .....
The need to test the efficiency of
the swimmer’s movements was generated by the endeavour (1970-1980) of our
coaches to find the most appropriate methodical way ın order to form young
swimmers, an endeavour which started from these undoubted facts:
1. the spectacular rising of “wonder
children” because of the speculations upon the “early specialization” and
forced training, especially at swimming.
2. the usage of a selection base
strictly on de facto performance, without taking into consideration the future
modifications of the biological motor and functional balance.
3. the early rejection from the
selection arena of other children and the massive loss of new elements.
4. the deviation from the
performance prognosis of “wonder children” when they became adults. The
deviation was negative – “wonder children” did not confirm!
Evidently, between 1970-80 it has
been worked in “detriment” and some of the coaches even asked that children
swimming training should contain “beauty” contest, something hard to be
accepted.
As a federal coach (1982) I have
tried to redirect the methodological content of children training:
I wanted a greater mass of children
to be interested in sports swimming,
I wanted them to swim in the most
correct way,
I wanted all these without forcing them;
By time, this new concept came up;
he was published oficially began from 1983, in Revists / Magasine E.F.S.
[1983/3, 1987/2] or other publications [ see bibliography].
At a special moment, apart from the
beauty contests proposed by the coaches, I start looking for objective,
mathematical information; in everyone’s conscience the chronometer is an
undoubted source of information; but performance has some other elements too:
tempo, technique and organism function, etc.
From all of these the easiest to
control is the tempo, that is the number of movements per space or time unit.
With these 2 elements (chronometer and tempo) one could have done larger
evaluations, because you can not win with a hard (+ tiring) tempo and when the
ones with moderate tempos won, this was reached by a perfect technique. This is
why they were efficient!
Slow tempo/high speed – this is what
we need for a future athlete
Under these circumstances a new
concept has shown up and by time it got bigger (it is applicable not only to beginners
but to other categories also, especially “Masters”) and because the acronym of
the title in English was BEST I have adopted this name BEST Concept (
Biomechanical Efficienci Swimming Test )
wwwWWwww
Definiţii BEST, Les Definitions du BEST,
The BEST Definitions, Der BEST – Definitionen
R1/. Tehnica corecta inseamna
eficienta de miscare in apa… “testarea eficientei biomecanice la inot”(BEST) se
calculeaza astfel: adun ‘timpul’(‘t’) cu ‘vaslirile’(‘v’) suma lor o scad
dintr-o valoare constanta - indicele personal de alunecare (ipa). adica
ipa – { timp + vasliri } = ...... p.best
F1/
La tehnique corecte de la nage implique l’efficience du mouvement dans l’eau.
’’Tester
l’efficience / l’efficacite biomecanique dans l’eau’’ [ The Biomechanical Efficiency
Swimming Test – B.E.S.T. ....] ce calcule comme suit:
-
aditioner le temps (’T’) au les mouvement (par 50m) (’M’), la somme se deduit
d’une valeur constante - l’Indice Personel de Glisse (I.P.G.) c’este a dire, la
formule: IPG – [ ’T’ + ’M’] = ... offre
le meilleur resultat, (points BEST).
E1/The corect swim-technique
means the efficiency of the movements in the water; it can be calculated by
this way: add the number of the seconds and the number of the stroke-cicles (by
50m) and this sume will be extracted from the other constant sume provided from
adition of the one constant value the Index of the personal Gliding (IPG)
D1/. *Die korrekte Technik setzt eine effiziente
Fortbewegung im Wasser voraus...”Testen der biomechanischen Effizienz beim
Schwimmen” (best)
Diese wird wie folgt berechnet: wir addieren die zwei
Werte (Zeit und Züge); die Summe wird aus einer Konstante persönlicher
Gleitindex (pgi). D.h. –pgi – { Zeit +
Züge } =....... p.best
R2/ Obiectivitatea conceptului si a
formulei ‘b.e.s.t.’ rezida din urmatoarea logica: ‘adun doua marimi, (timpul /
’t’ + vaslirile / ’v’) care au sens descrescator, - dupa care, le scad din
constanta ‘ipa’ si obtin (facil + repede / mental way ...) valoarea prestatiei
in apa’
F2/
La logique du BEST et son objectivite:
J’additionne
deux valeurs, deux quantites , le temps T. et le mouvement M. (des cicles de
bras – pour Libre et pour le Dos 2 bras alternative, pour Brasse et pour
Papillon une cicle concomitente, seulmant), les valeur qui ont un sens (desirable...!)
decroissants et apres je deduis de la valeur constante (anterieur calcule) IPG’
et j’obtiens (tres facile et vite / by mental way...) la valeur de la
prestation dans l’eau.
E2/The objectivity of
the ‘best formula’ results from this new exercise of logic: ‘we add two value
(time+stroke), this values have their sense descendent (!)…, and, after we
substrate this sum from one constant value IPG points)’. In this mod we can
obtain (very easy, by mental way) the supreme value of the swimming efficiency.
D2/ Die Objektivität des Konzeptes und der Formel
„b.e.s.t.” baut auf die folgende Logik auf: „ wir addieren zwei Gröβen, (Zeit +
Züge), die einen absteigenden Sinn verzeichnen. Diese werden nachher von der
Konstante „pgi” abgezogen. Das Ergebnis (einfach + schnell / mental way...)
stellt den Wert der Leistung im Wasser dar.
R3/“indicele personal de alunecare”
(i.p.a. / este ca un kard-annual) ‘L.’– (kgr. + Q)
‘L.’ = lungimea maxima a corpului /
pluta, ‘gr.’ = greutatea in kilograme / + ‘q.’ = diametrul/cm. subaxilar in
expiratie profunda – the “index of personal gliding (IPG)
F3/
L’indice de la Glisse dans l’eau (IPG) este une valeur constante, comme un card
banquare, qui le calcule annuellement:
’L.’
la valeure se deduit d’une autre somme resulte par addition de ’Kgr.’ + ’Q.’,
c’est a dire:
L.–
[ Kgr. + Q ] = la valeur anuelle plus constante de IPG en points....
’L.’
– longuer maximale du corp entierre(la possision fondamentale de nage - planche
de flotation du corp sur le ventre ou sur le dos verrifie sur terrre);
’Kgr.’
- Kilogrames du corp, sur terre;
’Q.’
– le diametre en cm. de la cage thoracique en expir profonde, et le resultat de
cette formule que l’on nomme – Indice Personel de Glisse (IPG) dans l’eau, avec
ses point et d’une valeur constante, annuelle.
E3/ The index personal
of gliding (ipg) is lake a ‘credit card’ (the validity is minimum one year):
with this ipg we can organize the series of the race in perfect ‘faire-play’
(indifferent of the sex or age) the competitors with same or appropriate values
will be introduce in the same series …the periodical calcul of this ipg formula
is found with regarding to the hydrodynamics principle (reynolds+froude),
so: ‘’from the value
of the maximum longer of the body (ventral float position)(L.), we will
substrate the sum of the Nr. of kgr. (weight) with the Q. (Nr. of cm. of the
circumference of the upper thorax in deep expiration). ‘L.’– ( ‘kgr.’ + ‘q.’)
D3/ 'Der persönliche Gleitindex” (p.g.i./ ist wie eine
Kreditkarte, die 1 Jahr gültig ist (kard-annual)). „L” = die maximale
Körperlänge / ventral float position;
„kgr” = das
Gewicht in Kilogramm / + „Q” = Durchmesser/cm des oberen Brustkorbabschnittes
bei tiefer Ausatmung
R4/ aplicabilitatea ‘annual
kard-(ului)’(ipg – index of personal gliding ), indiferent de sex si chiar de
varsta subiectilor…, este data de faptul ca criteriile alese, pentru folosirea
sa ca instrument de departajare / organizare a intrecerilor de inot sportiv ,
sunt cele induse in selectia naturala:
# cu cat un corp este mai lung (l.),
# cu cat un corp este mai usor,
(gr.)
# cu cat un corp este mai ingust
(q.)
cu atat mai eficient pluteste,
aluneca sau inainteaza !
F4/
L’application (calculation) annuelle du kard IPG –non peliee du sex, genne, et
de l’age du suject (!), sont donnes comme une unique critere pour departager /
organiser les eventuellle competitions (des series avec une real ’fraire-play’)
de concurs de ’excelence tehnique de nage’ par 50m, car ce sont les criteres
induits par la selection naturelle:
-
plus que le corp est long .....
-
plus que le corp est leger....
-
plus que le corp est etroit ....
cet
corp peut glisse et avance plus bien, plus efficace !
E4/The valability of
the index personal of gliding (ipg) results from that – all criteria selected
to make the series for the challenge was selected from the normal natural
selection:
when the longer of the
body is big…
when the weight of the
body is light...
when the frontal
section of the body is small
the float, the gliding
and the swimming speed will be more efficiency to advance better with one
correct technique !
D4/ Die Gültigkeit des „kard-annual” (pgi –
persönlicher Gleitindex), unabhängig von Geschlecht oder Alter der
Angewiesenen..., ist darauf zurückzuführen: die Kriterien, die ausgewählt
wurden, um zu bestimmen, inwiefern die „annual kard” als Instrument zur
Unterscheidung von Leistungen oder Veranstaltung von Schwimm-Wettkämpfen
verwendet werden kann, gehen auf die natürliche Auswahl zurück:
je länger ein Körper ist (l.),
je leichter ein Körper ist (kgr),
je schmaler ein Körper ist (q.),
desto effizienter wird er schwimmen, gleiten oder sich
im Wasser fortbewegen.
===================================
** Numerotarea ciclurilor de inot se
poate face prin inspecție vizuală sau cu un contor mecanic / electronic (?)
Care ar putea evita erorile (a se vedea Swimmnovate / PoolMate, FINIS - contor
de ceas, Polar F14).
**
La numérotation des cycles de nage peut être faite par inspection visuelle ou
avec un compteur mécanique / électronique (?) Qui pourrait éviter les erreurs
(voir Swimmnovate / PoolMate, FINIS - compteur de montre, Polar F14).
** The numbering of swimm-cycles
can be made by visual inspection or with a mechanical/electronic(?) counter
that could avoid the errors (see Swimmnovate/PoolMate, FINIS - watch counter,
Polar F14).
****** Die Zählung der Ruderungsabläufe kann frei
(visuell) durchgeführt werden oder mit Hilfe eines mechanischen/elektronischen
(?) ‘counter’s, der die Kopfzählung vereinfachen soll und mögliche Fehler
vermeiden soll (Varianten - Swimmnovate/PoolMate, FINIS - watch counter, Polar
F14).
Bibliografie
selectiva:
M.
Sgrumala, I. Bidoaie –‘Proiectarea navelor mici, Ed. Tehnica, Buc. 1978, p.17,
(Principiul
Reynolds – Froude, bibl.: Saunders, N-York, 1957))
M.Olaru – INOT – manual metodic, Ed.
Sport-Turism, 1982, p.184,
M.Olaru – Rev E.F.S. nr 3/1983 p.49
"Testarea eficientei biomecanice la inot'.
M.Olaru – Rev E.F.S. nr. 2/1987,
p.27 'Ierarhizarea numerica a prestatiilor inotatorilor'.
M.Olaru – 'Să nu ne temen de apă',
Ed. Sport-Turism, 1988, p.90, sport-book
M.Olaru – Note de curs-inot, Univ.
Ecologica Buc., Ed. Universitara, 1991, p. 123
M.Olaru – Afise editate de FRN &
Canada Swimming Natation,1995, color, 4000
E.Hines – 'Fitness
Swimming', Human Kinetics, p.27, ('Swimming Golf'), 1995.
D. Hannula- “ Coaching
Swimming succesfully’’, p.78 ( Minimum-Nr-.swims),1995
M.Olaru – Rev.'Stiinta Sportului',
ed CCPS, nov 1999, Referat - ‘Un nou concept in pregatirea inotatoriilor'.
M.Olaru – ‚’Despre inot… cu Mircea
Olaru’,CD+4 postere, ed. SSE, 2007, 1000 ex.
M. Olaru – referat la sesiunea de
comunicari a Univ. Spiru Haret, Buc, 2008
’Testarea eficientei biomecanice la
inot’
E. Maglisho – ’Stroke Counting Drills’’, from Swimming fastes, Hk Book
,2003
M.Olaru
- ‘Despre inot....”, Ed. SSE, 2007,
mica-enciclopedie a inotului
sportiv.
’Festina lente’ made in Swimming
Preambul la conceptul BEST
Nevoia de a testa eficienta
miscarilor inotatorului a fost generata de framantarile antrenorilor nostri
(1970-80) de a gasi calea metodica cea mai indicata pentru formarea tinerilor
inotatori, framantari care au pornit de la urmatoarele fapte de necontestat:
1. aparitia spectaculoasa a ’’copiilor
minune’’ datorita specularii conceptului de ’’specializare timpurie’’, fortarea
pregatirii mai ales la inot.
2. aplicarea unei selectii strict
legate de performanta de facto, fara a lua in consideratie viitoarele
modificari ale echilibrului bio-motrico-functional.
3. respingerea de timpuriu din aria
de selectie a altor copii, piederi masive de noi elemente.
4. abaterea de la prognozarea
performantelor a ’’copiilor minune’’ in momentul devenirii lor adulte, abateri
finale negative –’’copii minune’’ nu au confirmat !
Evident, intre anii 1970-80 s-a
lucrat in ’’paguba’’ iar unii dintre antrenori au cerut chiar, ca pregatirea
copiilor sa fie incununata de concursuri de ’’frumusete’’ la inot, maniera greu
de acceptat.
Ajuns in functia de antrenor federal
(1982) am incercat sa reorientez continutul metodic al pregatirii copiilor:
doream o masa mai mare de copii
interesati de inotul sportiv,
doream ca acestia sa inoate cat mai
corect,
doream toate aceste fara a-i forta;
treptat s-a conturat si acest nou
concept, publicat pentru prima data incepand din 1983, in Revistele EFS
[1983/3, 1987/2] sau alte publicatii oficiale.
Ca orice lucru nou, el nu a fost
acceptat (nu este acceptat nici acum...) de cei mai multi antrenori iar cei
care il sprijineau o faceau din motive subiective, din simpatie, fara a sti ca
aplicarea noului cerea un nivel adecvat de profesionalism si mai ales de o
munca migaloasa speciala
Fata de concursurile de frumusete
propuse la un moment dat, de antrenori, eu am cautat date obiective,
matamatice; in constiinta orisicui cronometrul reprezinta o sursa de informatii
de necontestat; dar performanta are in spatele ei si alte elemente: tempoul,
tehnica si functiunea organismului, s.a.m.d.
Dintre toate acestea cel mai usor de
controlat este tempoul, adica numarul de miscari pe unitate de spatiu sau de
timp. Cu aceste 2 elemente (cronometrul si tempoul) se putea face aprecieri mai
ample, deoarecere nu toti castiga adoptand un tempo navalnic (+obositor) iar
cei cu tempo mai moderat cand au castigat, intotdeauna au facut-o cu o tehnica
impecabila. De aici si eficienta lor !
Tempo scazut / viteza marita – iata
ce ne trebuie la un sportiv in devenire
In aceste conditii a aparut noul
concept, devenit treptat mai amplu (aplicabil nu numai la incepatori ci si la
alte categorii, mai ales la veteranii ’’Masters’’) iar pentru ca acronimul in
engleza a titlului era BEST .... am adoptat numele – Conceptul BEST (
Biomechanical Efficiency Swimming Test )
xxxXXXxxx
Definiţii BEST, Les Definitions du BEST,
The BEST Definitions, Der BEST – Definitionen
R1/. Tehnica corecta inseamna
eficienta de miscare in apa… “testarea eficientei biomecanice la inot”(BEST) se
calculeaza astfel: adun ‘timpul’(‘t’) cu ‘vaslirile’(‘v’) suma lor o scad
dintr-o valoare constanta - Indicele Personal de Alunecare (IPA). Adica= IPA –
{ timp + vasliri } = ...... p.best
F1/
La tehnique corecte de la nage implique l’efficience du mouvement dans l’eau.
’’Tester
l’efficience / l’efficacite biomecanique dans l’eau’’ [ The Biomechanical
Efficiency Swimming Test – B.E.S.T. ....] ce calcule comme suit:
-
aditioner le temps (’T’) au les mouvement (par 50m) (’M’), la somme se deduit
d’une valeur constante - l’Indice Personel de Glisse (I.P.G.) c’este a dire, la
formule: IPG – [ ’T’ + ’M’] = ... offre
le meilleur resultat, (points BEST).
E1/The corect
swim-technique means the efficiency of the movements in the water; it can be
calculated by this way: add the number of the seconds and the number of the
stroke-cicles (by 50m) and this sume will be extracted from the other constant value
- the Index of the Personal Gliding (IPG)
D1/. *Die korrekte Technik setzt eine effiziente
Fortbewegung im Wasser voraus...”Testen der biomechanischen Effizienz beim
Schwimmen” (best)
Diese wird wie folgt berechnet: wir addieren die zwei
Werte (Zeit und Züge); die Summe wird aus einer Konstante - Persönlicher
Gleitindex (PGI). d.h. :PGI – { Zeit +
Züge } =....... p.BEST
R2/ Obiectivitatea conceptului si a
formulei ‘b.e.s.t.’ rezida din urmatoarea logica: ‘adun doua marimi, (timpul /
’t’ + vaslirile / ’v’) care au sens descrescator, - dupa care, le scad din
constanta ‘ipa’ si obtin (facil + repede / mental way ...) valoarea prestatiei
in apa’
F2/
La logique du BEST et son objectivite:
J’additionne
deux valeurs, deux quantites , le temps T. et le mouvement M. (des cicles de
bras – pour Libre et pour le Dos 2 bras alternative, pour Brasse et pour
Papillon une cicle concomitente, seulmant), les valeur qui ont un sens
(desirable...!) decroissants et apres je deduis de la valeur constante,
anterieur calcule - IPG’ et j’obtiens (tres facile et vite / by mental way...)
la valeur de la prestation dans l’eau.
E2/The objectivity of the
‘best formula’ results from this new exercise of logic: ‘we add two value
(time+stroke), this values have their sense descendent (!)…, and, after we
substrate this sum from one constant value - IPG points)’. In this mod we can
obtain (very easy, by mental way) the supreme value of the swimming efficiency.
D2/ Die Objektivität des Konzeptes und der Formel
„b.e.s.t.” baut auf die folgende Logik auf: „ wir addieren zwei Gröβen, (Zeit +
Züge), die einen absteigenden Sinn verzeichnen. Diese werden nachher von der
Konstante „PGI” abgezogen. Das Ergebnis (einfach + schnell / mental way...)
stellt den Wert der Leistung im Wasser dar.
R3/“indicele personal de alunecare”
(IPA) / este ca un kard-annual) ‘L.’– (kgr. + Q)
‘L.’ = lungimea maxima a corpului /
pluta; ‘gr.’ = greutatea in kilograme / + ‘q.’ = diametrul/cm. subaxilar in
expiratie profunda – the “index of personal gliding “ (i.p.g.)
F3/
L’indice de la Glisse dans l’eau (IPG) este une valeur constante, comme un card
banquare, qui le calcule annuellement:
’L.’
la valeur se deduit d’une autre somme resulte par addition de ’Kgr.’ + ’Q.’,
c’est a dire:
L. – [ Kgr. + Q ] = la valeur anuelle plus
constante de IPG en points....
’L.’
– longuer maximale du corp entierre(la possision fondamentale de nage - planche
de flotation du corp sur le ventre ou sur le dos verrifie sur terrre);
’Kgr.’
- Kilogrames du corp, sur terre;
’Q.’
– le diametre en cm. de la cage thoracique en expir profonde, et le resultat de
cette formule que l’on nomme – Indice Personel de Glisse (IPG) dans l’eau, avec
ses point et d’une valeur constante, annuelle.
E3/ The index personal of
gliding (IPG) is lake a ‘credit card’ (the validity is minimum one year): with
this ipg we can organize the series of the race in perfect ‘faire-play’
(indifferent of the sex or age) the competitors with same or appropriate values
will be introduce in the same series …the periodical calcul of this ipg formula
is found with regarding to the hydrodynamics principle (Reynolds+Froude),
so: ‘’from the value of
the maximum longer of the body (ventral float position)(L.) we will substrate
the sum of the Nr. of kgr. (weight) with the Q. (Nr. of cm. of the
circumference of the upper thorax in deep expiration). ‘L.’– ( ‘kgr.’ + ‘q.’)
D3/ 'Der persönliche Gleitindex” (p.g.i./ ist wie eine
Kreditkarte, die 1 Jahr gültig ist (kard-annual)). „L” = die maximale
Körperlänge / ventral float position;
„kgr” = das Gewicht in Kilogramm + „Q” =
Durchmesser/cm des oberen Brustkorbabschnittes bei tiefer Ausatmung
R4/ aplicabilitatea ‘annual
kard-(ului)’(IPG – index of personal gliding ), indiferent de sex si chiar de
varsta subiectilor…, este data de faptul ca criteriile alese, pentru folosirea
sa ca instrument de departajare / organizare a intrecerilor de inot sportiv ,
sunt cele induse in selectia naturala:
# cu cat un corp este mai lung (l.),
# cu cat un corp este mai usor,
(gr.)
# cu cat un corp este mai ingust
(q.)
cu atat mai eficient pluteste,
aluneca sau inainteaza !
F4/
L’application (calculation) annuelle du kard IPG –non peliee du sex, genne, et
de l’age du suject (!), sont donnes comme une unique critere pour departager /
organiser les eventuellle competitions (des series avec une real ’fraire-play’)
de concurs de ’excelence tehnique de nage’ par 50m, car ce sont les criteres
induits par la selection naturelle:
-
plus que le corp est long .....
-
plus que le corp est leger....
-
plus que le corp est etroit ....
cet
corp peut glisse et avance plus bien, plus efficace !
E4/The valability of the
index personal of gliding (IPG) results from that – all criteria selected to
make the series for the challenge was selected from the normal natural
selection:
when the longer of the
body is big…
when the weight of the
body is light...
when the frontal section
of the body is small
the float, the gliding and
the swimming speed will be more efficiency to advance better with one correct
technique !
D4/ Die Gültigkeit des „kard-annual” (PGI –
persönlicher Gleitindex), unabhängig von Geschlecht oder Alter der
Angewiesenen..., ist darauf zurückzuführen: die Kriterien, die ausgewählt
wurden, um zu bestimmen, inwiefern die „annual kard” als Instrument zur
Unterscheidung von Leistungen oder Veranstaltung von Schwimm-Wettkämpfen
verwendet werden kann, gehen auf die natürliche Auswahl zurück:
je länger ein Körper ist (l.),
je leichter ein Körper ist (kgr),
je schmaler ein Körper ist (q.),
desto effizienter wird er schwimmen, gleiten oder sich
im Wasser fortbewegen.
** Numerotarea ciclurilor de inot se poate face prin
inspecție vizuală sau cu un contor mecanic / electronic (?) Care ar putea evita
erorile (a se vedea Swimmnovate / PoolMate, FINIS - contor de ceas, Polar F14).
**
La numérotation des cycles de nage peut être faite par inspection visuelle ou
avec un compteur mécanique / électronique (?) Qui pourrait éviter les erreurs
(voir Swimmnovate / PoolMate, FINIS - compteur de montre, Polar F14).
** The numbering of rowing
cycles can be made by visual inspection or with a mechanical/electronic(?)
counter that could avoid the errors (see Swimmnovate/PoolMate, FINIS - watch
counter, Polar F14)..
****** Die Zählung der Ruderungsabläufe kann frei
(visuell) durchgeführt werden oder mit Hilfe eines mechanischen/elektronischen
(?) ‘counter’s, der die Kopfzählung vereinfachen soll und mögliche Fehler
vermeiden soll (Varianten -
Swimmnovate/PoolMate, FINIS - watch counter, Polar F14).).
Bibliografie
selectiva:
M.
Sgrumala, I. Bidoaie –‘Proiectarea navelor mici, Ed. Tehnica, Buc. 1978, p.17,
(Principiul
Reynolds – Froude, bibl.: Saunders, N-York, 1957))
M.Olaru – INOT – manual metodic, Ed.
Sport-Turism, 1982, p.184,
M.Olaru – Rev E.F.S. nr 3/1983 p.49
"Testarea eficientei biomecanice la inot'.
M.Olaru – Rev E.F.S. nr. 2/1987,
p.27 'Ierarhizarea numerica a prestatiilor inotatorilor'.
M.Olaru – 'Să nu ne temen de apă',
Ed. Sport-Turism, 1988, p.90, sport-book
M.Olaru – Note de curs-inot, Univ.
Ecologica Buc., Ed. Universitara, 1991, p. 123
M.Olaru – Afise editate de FRN &
Canada Swimming Natation,1995, color, 4000
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